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2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ34ʬ33ÉÃ

automatism

SYLLABICATION: au·tom·a·tism
PRONUNCIATION: ô-tm-tzm
NOUN:
1a. The state or quality of being automatic.
¡¡b. Automatic mechanical action.
2. Philosophy The theory that the body is a machine whose functions are accompanied but not controlled by consciousness.
3. Physiology
¡¡a. The involuntary functioning of an organ or other body structure that is not under conscious control, such as the beating of the heart or the dilation of the pupil of the eye.
¡¡b. The reflexive action of a body part.
4. Psychology Mechanical, seemingly aimless behavior characteristic of various mental disorders.

ETYMOLOGY: From Latin automaton, automaton. See automaton.
OTHER FORMS: au·toma·tist —NOUN
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ19ʬ50ÉÃ

automatic

SYLLABICATION: au·ôo·íat·éc
PRONUNCIATION: ôô-mtk

ADJECTIVE:
1a. Acting or operating in a manner essentially independent of external influence or control: an automatic light switch; a budget deficit that triggered automatic spending cuts.
b. Self-regulating: an automatic washing machine.
2a. Acting or done without volition or conscious control; involuntary: automatic shrinking of the pupils of the eyes in strong light. See synonyms at spontaneous.
b. Acting or done as if by machine; mechanical: an automatic reply to a familiar question.
3a. Capable of firing continuously until ammunition is exhausted or the trigger is released: an automatic rifle.
b. Semiautomatic: an automatic pistol.

NOUN:
1. An automatic machine or device.
2a. An automatic firearm.
b. A semiautomatic firearm.
3. A transmission or a motor vehicle with an automatic gear-shifting mechanism.
4. Football See audible.

IDIOM: on automatic Functioning by or as if by automatic machine or device.
ETYMOLOGY: From Greek automatos : auto-, auto- + -matos, willing; see men-1 in Appendix I.
OTHER FORMS: auto·íati·ãal·ìy Í¢DVERB
auto·ía·ôici·ôy (-m-ts-t) ͯOUN

WORD HISTORY:
The words automatic pilot or automatic transmission bring to mind mechanical devices that operate with minimal human intervention.
Yet the word automatic, which goes back to the Greek word automatos, ÅÂcting of one's own will, self-acting, of itself,made up of two parts, auto ÅÔelf,and ËÎatos, ÅØilling,is first recorded in English in 1748 with reference to motions of the body, such as the peristaltic action of the intestines:
ŵhe Motions are called automatic from their Resemblance to the Motions of Automata, or Machines, whose Principle of Motion is within themselves.
Although the writer had machines in mind, automatic could be used of living things, a use we still have.
The association of automatic chiefly with machinery may represent one instance of many in which we have come to see the world in mechanical terms.
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ16ʬ27ÉÃ

automaton

SYLLABICATION: au·ôom·á·ôon
PRONUNCIATION: tm-tn, -tn
NOUN: Inflected forms: pl. au·ôom·á·ôons or au·ôom·á·ôa (-t)

1. A self-operating machine or mechanism, especially a robot.
2. One that behaves or responds in a mechanical way.

ETYMOLOGY: Latin, self-operating machine, from Greek, from neuter of automatos, self-acting. See automatic.
OTHER FORMS: au·ôoma·ôous Í¢DJECTIVE
The American HeritageDictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ12ʬ22ÉÃ

http://www.bartleby.com/
ÊØÍøÊØÍø
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ06ʬ28ÉÃ

puppet
SYLLABICATION: pup·ðet
PRONUNCIATION: ppt
NOUN: 1. A small figure of a person or animal, having a cloth body and hollow head, designed to be fitted over and manipulated by the hand. 2. A figure having jointed parts animated from above by strings or wires; a marionette. 3. A toy representing a human figure; a doll. 4. One whose behavior is determined by the will of others: a political puppet.
ETYMOLOGY: Middle English poppet, doll, possibly from Anglo-Norman poppe, doll. See puppy.
The American HeritageDictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 01»þ00ʬ39ÉÃ

marionette
SYLLABICATION: mar·é·ï·îette
PRONUNCIATION: mr--nt
NOUN: A jointed puppet manipulated from above by strings or wires attached to its limbs.
ETYMOLOGY: French marionnette, from Old French, musical instrument, diminutive of mariole, the Virgin Mary, from diminutive of Marie, Mary (influenced by the name Marion), from Late Latin Maria. See Mary1.

The American HeritageDictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 00»þ59ʬ17ÉÃ

marionette dance
gesture: The marionette dance is a derisive yet uncreative type of insulting behavior. To execute, dance like a puppet. To further aggravate the dance's target, exclaim "Look at me! My name is [target's name]!" in a wavering falsetto.

http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~asadler/vernacular/vernacular.htm
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 00»þ57ʬ01ÉÃ

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doll
pup, puppet
marionette
(marion + »Ø¾®¼­)
2002ǯ03·î27Æü 00»þ55ʬ52ÉÃ

HOFFMAN, Ernst Theodor Amadeus
SHLEMMER, Oscar
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