Here I briefly summarize a basic knowledge of population genetics. If you want to understand them in detail, I recommend you to see some of excellent textbooks like "An introduction to population genetics theory" (Crow and Kimura 1970; theoretical), "Principles of population genetics" (Hartl and Clark, 3rd ed. -1997; practical and theoretical), Handbook of statistical genetics (Balding, Cannings and Bishop, 2001, theoretical) and "Genetics of Populations" (Hedrick 2nd ed.- 2000; perfect for beginners).

Genetic variation parameters

Linkage Disequilibrium

Gene genealogies and the coalescent process

Neutrality tests