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(1)keep an eye on
If you keep an eye on something,you monitor it or keep up with it.
(2)run a campaign
Running a campaign is planning it and carrying it out.You could say carrying out a campaign.
(3)homemaker
A homemaker is usually a wife or mother,but recently occasionally men stay home and become the homemakers although I think they're usually called househusband or stay-at-home dad.
(4)fluid
They also say drink plenty of fluids if you have a cold.
(5)liquid
And definitely Gabby is talking about different kinds of fluids or liquids that you can drink.Another place you'll often see these two words is in physics talking about the three kinds of matter liquid or fluid and gas and solid.
(6)risk factor
There're all kinds of risk factors involved in health problems,especially cancer.Maybe cancer's risk factors are known better because they've been studied a lot.Camille mentions age and smoking.But I think also your cultural background,which builds up some of the habits that you have and your genetic make-up can be big factors in how high your risk is for developing different diseases.
(7)on the down slope
Something that's on the down slope is becoming smaller or less common.
(8)in this country
I think maybe if someone said that,it might be because they were talking to an immigrant and wanted to convince them to act more like Americans,but still make it clear that you're an immigrant,you don't fit in here.
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(1)keep the heat on
If you keep the heat on,you keep up the pressure,you keep things moving,you allow no letup or relaxation.
(2)punch out
If you punch out a message,you make your message strong and clear,and you repeat it again and again.
(3)outreach people
Outreach people are people who have many wide contacts in the community,and they agree also to help bring other messages besides their regular work to the people they have contact with.
(4)crusade
A crusade is a righteous battle against something that's wrong.So a crusade against breast cancer would be a strong fight to try to correct the problem of breast cancer.
(5)fight the good fight
If you fight the good fight,you're working for a good cause.Usually fighting is kind of a negative thing,but if you're battling against something evil,then it's the good fight.
(6)stand out
This time Leonard says,Rollback really stands out.He could have described it by using the adjective outstanding,Rollback is really outstanding.Outstanding always has a positive meaning.Stand out tends to be positive when you use the verb form.But something could stand out because it's so bad.
(7)be on the frontline
Being on the frontline means you're where the actual fighting is.This phrase,I think,comes from military especially.Armies are large and they have a large support system,but the actual fighting occurs only on the frontline.
(8)raise the roof
If you raise the roof,you speak or act very loudly.It could be loud and boisterous,a happy kind of loudness, or could be with anger.
(9)toss off
Something that's tossed off like an afterthought is something that is probably not important.It's just added on without any special consideration.
(10)tap into
If you tap into something,you take advantage of it.You open up the tap so that you too can receive the benefit or the information or the energy.
(11)see the light
If you see the light,you understand. Or sometimes it means you've been converted.
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(1)access
If you get access to something or if you access something,you know how to get it.
(2)outstanding
First,Mann mentions the outstanding aspect of Rollback.Outstanding is used in English almost always to mean very very good although the basic meaning of it is noticeable.
(3)sound the alarm
She also mentions that it sounds the alarm.She means that this program tells people or warns people or makes them aware of something that they need.
(4)open the door to services
And finally she says the program opens the door to services for many women.Open the door to something usually means allows or makes possible.
(5)on the whole
On the whole usually means generally or overall.There might be exceptions but the exceptions are not so important.
(6)annual checkup
A checkup is a physical exam or a health check although in the U.S.I think people usually say a checkup or an annual checkup.
(7)mixed signal
A mixed signal is a mixed-up message.It's a message that's unclear.I think maybe it comes from broadcasting in radio.Sometimes if you can't tune in the broadcast band that you want to listen to,you get two different radio stations and it's completely mixed up and you can't make sense of either one.
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(1)get through
The phrase I got through it usually means something was difficult or didn't go very well,but at least it's over.
(2)do
Araki adds do to this sentence to strengthen the meaning of how clear it is that she's distracted.
(3)What's up?
What's up? is a very common way to ask people you know fairly well what they're doing or what's happened.
(4)bottle up
If you bottle up feelings or emotions,you hide them within yourself and don't express them to other people.It's usually considered not a good thing to do in the U.S.
(5)lend a sympathetic ear
It sounds like lending an ear is pretty much the same thing in Japanese,listen carefully to someone.But adding sympathetic to this,ears,of course,aren't sympathetic,but the feelings of the listeners towards the speaker would be sympathetic.
(6)make a house call
Making a house call means going to your house to bring some sort of a service.In the past,it was doctors especially who were famous for making house calls,but I think that custom pretty much died out in the '60s in the U.S.It's just too expensive.It takes too much time for doctors to travel to patients.
(7)skin-care consultant
Probably a kind of saleswoman who also has extra advice for customers.
(8)advanced
Usually in the case of cancer we describe it as advanced or at the beginning stages instead of saying progress.I think it's because cancers tend to follow a regular pathway as they develop and grow and spread.So it's easy to see how far has it moved along the path.
(9)radical surgery
Radical surgery is very serious,large-scale surgery.Usually in English we talk about surgery is being minor,which often means you don't even need to stay in the hospital or maybe just one overnight stay,major surgery,which is maybe routine but still could be fairly dangerous,and then radical surgery,which is the most dangerous and causes the most change and trouble perhaps with your body.
(10)can't help worrying
The phrase,you can't help doing something,a verb plus ing type form,is often used to describe something that you can't stop,there's no way to control it.
(11)rollback
If you roll something back,you not only stop the progress but you make it retreat.
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(1)burden
Something that's a burden is heavy.It causes you trouble.It could be a physical thing that you have to carry.But I think now more often that the word is used for responsibilities or worries.
(2)happy hour
A happy hour in the U.S. is usually between five and seven o'clock.Actually it's two hours,although,everybody calls it happy hour.It's usually when people get off work,maybe have a quick drink with their colleagues before going home.A lot of bars and lounges have reduced rates on their drinks for those two hours.
(3)groundwork
Groundwork is a kind of preparation.
(4)do with
Liu mentions that he could do with some of that.Do with usually means use.But it also includes the idea want to use it.
(5)be uptight
If you're uptight,you're tense or maybe wary,a little suspicious of a new idea or thing.
(6)go overboard
If you go overboard,you go too far,you go over the top,or you could even say,you overdo it.
(7)goof off
And goofing off is another phrase that refers to not doing anything specific or not working to reach some sort of a goal.It's a little bit different from lazing around.Lazing around is usually when you have some time when you're enjoying yourself,not working.Goofing off usually means you should be working.
(9)fun and games
It often refers to not being serious or not taking your responsibilities seriously.
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(1)satisfice
Satisfice is kind of a funny word.I think people who know what it means and understand it suppose to be more efficient or find it kind of amusing even.But people who haven't heard this before will probably only be puzzled by it.
(2)figure out
In this sentence also you can hear Mann's British accent when she says figure accept she says figar.
(3)B or C
B or C is referring back to the kind of a grading system that's used commonly in the U.S.A is the best,B is good,C is usually satisfactory,good enough.
(4)focus group
Focus groups are usually,within the companies anyway,groups of employees who are brought together to discuss a specific issue or problem.They probably aren't expected to solve the problem,but by discussing it together they should find all kinds of new alternatives and possibilities.
(5)bare
Something that's bare is unclothed or uncovered.So it strengthens the meaning of minimum.Minimum is,of course,a least possible.If it's bare also,it's even more minimal.
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(1)relax over dinner
In the U.S.,lots of people like to use dinner time for relaxing and talking with friends or family.One of the purposes of eating together is to enjoy the time.
(2)multitasking
Multitasking is kind of an interesting,fairly new word,I think.Multi means multiple or many and task means jobs or things you have to do.And then it's turned into a participle with the ing.Multitasking is kind of an interesting word for me.
(3)efficiency
I think,in the past,when I was growing up anyway,my parents would tell me not don't do two things at once.You can't do either one very well.But I guess people are learning how to handle things differently.
(4)around-the-clock
Around-the-clock means 24 hours.I think it comes from the old analog clocks.I guess I shouldn't say old.It comes from the analog clocks where the hands sweep all the way around the face.
(5)call in
If you call in,you're using the phone to check on what's happening,to check in.
(6)laze around
Lazing around is something some people are good at and other people are not so good at.It's enjoying doing nothing actually,maybe just sitting outside on a nice day and talking to a friend or family member,not really having any specific goal in mind.
(7)confess
Liu says he confesses that his workload can overwhelm him.He's not really confessing.Sometimes people use this word just to introduce something they're going to say honestly and directly.
(8)straight As
In the U.S.,for grating system for kinds and school,A is the top grade.So if you get straight As,you have As in all your subjects or study.
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(1)put in
If you put in time on a project or job,you devote some time to it or you use some time to take care of it.If you think of time as another resource,it's adding,putting in another resource.
(2)a half hour
I probably say a half-hour lunch break.Or if I used half an hour,I change the sentence slightly and say,I usually use half an hour for lunch.
(3)over a year
Over a year means during one full year.Mickey could have said every year instead.
(4)line between
In English,people talk about drawing a line or recognizing the line or having a line between two separate things that they prefer to keep separate.
(5)leisure
Leisure is kind of an interesting word.In the U.S.,I think most people pronounce it like I do with the [e;] sound,l[e;]sure.But in the U.K.,I think most people say l[e]sure instead.I'm sure people would be very confused if they heard the other word that you didn't mean.
(6)work full-time out of the house
Araki-san carefully mentions working full-time out of the house.People used to just talk about working full-time meaning outside of their house.But many people who are full-time housewives or occasionally husbands who stay home don't like to be considered as not working.They do a lot of work and it's often 24 hours.They don't get days-off.
(7)spouse
Later on,though,he mentions both spouses working full-time.A spouse is a husband or a wife.It can be either one depending on whose spouse it is.
(8)creep into
Something that creeps into some place or something else moves in very quietly and mostly unnoticeably.
(9)cell phone
In the U.S.,I think cell phones or keitai-denwa are less popular than they are here in Japan.Quite a few people still use beepers.
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(1)one's tourist dollar
Your tourist dollars is the money that you spend while you're traveling,all the things you have to pay for when you're a tourist.
(2)green
Green in this case refers to ecologically correct or anything that does the least damage or even does some good to the environment.
(3)afoot
Something that's afoot is moving or in the process.It's already begun.
(4)up to snuff
Something that's up to snuff meets the standards or reaches its normal level of quality.
(5)4WD vehicle
This 4WD vehicle or four-wheel drive vehicle is kind of interesting.I haven't lived in the U.S. since these became so popular,so I had to check if people say four-wheel drive or 4WD.It seems usually people use the four words. They don't use the letters.(SUV)That one I knew.I think even people don't talk about four-wheel drive so much,because that's included in the SUVs,which are so popular.
(6)back home
Mann mentions taking things back home.I think it just sounds a little more comfortable,adding back.It's not necessary in the sentence.
(7)photo
In English you could say snapshot,but that's sort of an unposed picture that you're lucky to take.Only snap also won't work in English.
(8)acres and acres
Repeating acres,of course,intensifies the meaning and makes the area,the land area,that would lose all its flowers sound very large.
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(1)shove off
When you shove off,you leave on a trip or start on a trip.It comes from boats or ships.Shove off means push away from the shore or the pier.
(2)run the river
In English you can't tell run the river means go downstream,but it does mean that.
(3)your best bet
Your best bet is your best chance or best opportunity for success.
(4)litter
In English litter usually refers to bits of paper and empty cups and cans and things like that.I suppose it's a kind of trash, a kind of garbage,but it seems a little more light weight even if it looks pretty bad.
(5)zero tolerance
Zero tolerance means absolutely no tolerance.It's not allowed.No one will put up with it.No one will make excuses for it.
(6)litterbug
And litterbugs are people who drop trash around instead of keeping it until they find a trashcan to put it in.
(7)I'll second that.
If you second something,it means you support it in meetings.It's a kind of a set phrase. If one person makes a motion, which means suggest something, usually someone has to second it or support it before the group can vote on it.If you're interested in more of the specialized language,phrases and things like that that people use in formal meetings,especially meetings where there's discussion or debate and the organizer wants to be sure that everyone has a fair chance to have their say,look for a book called Robert's Rules of Order.It was written a couple of hundred years ago,I believe.And it's kind of a basis for all kinds of clubs and other kinds of meetings.
(8)lend a helping hand
If you lend a helping hand,you help.
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(1)enormous,vast
Ben used two different words to describe rain forests that mean big.First he said enormous,which sounds like very very large.This time he said vast.Vast also means very large but more in a wide kind of a meaning.
(2)snap the shutter
Snapping the shutter refers to the sound that a shutter makes in some kinds of cameras when you take the picture.
(3)the 1500s
In English also,of course,you could say the 16th century instead of the 1500s.
(4)vital
Araki san says that Panama is vital to the planet.Vital means very important.But the word itself comes from the word for life in Latin,so it has sort of a feeling of if it's not there,there won't be life.
(5)follow in one's footsteps
The phrase follow in someone's footsteps,in this case,just means do the same thing that you did,follow your path.But it's often used with a somewhat deeper meaning,especially sons following their fathers.
(6)direct one's feet
If you direct your feet somewhere,you go somewhere.It's kind of a cute way to say go someplace.
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(1)all
When people are speaking informally,they'll often say all,instead of everyone or team or gang.
(2)have the pictures to prove it
People speak this way fairly often if they're giving numbers or other information that's a little bit hard to believe.
(3)do Costa Rica
It means visit Costa Rica fairly thoroughly.They try to do and see everything that's especially interesting to tourists or ecotourists in Costa Rica.
(4)pick up
Something that's picking up is becoming busier.It's usually a positive kind of a thing.Sometimes picking up is used to mean improving.
(5)be astounded
Lee could have said she was surprised to find out.Astounded is a much stronger kind of surprise.
(6)jewel
A jewel is usually a precious stone,costs a lot of money.Many people like them.They sparkle a lot.But the word jewel is also used fairly often,actually for something that's valuable.It doesn't have to be a mineral.It could be people or anything that you value highly.
(7)pristine
Pristine is kind of an interesting word.I used to think of it mainly as meaning fresh and clean and probably untouched.But when I checked the dictionary,it also includes meanings of original and primitive or free of any kind of soil or decay.
(8)critical
Critical means the key point.But even more than key point,it's perhaps a dangerous point.
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(1)talk into
If you talk someone into something,you persuade them,you convince them,it's a good idea to do it.
(2)the more,the more
This kind of a phrase,the more something,the more something else,needs to be very carefully parallel.It has to balance exactly,so if you use a noun in the beginning,you need a noun in the end.Otherwise it just doesn't quite make sense to English speakers.
(3)slip into
Something that is slipped into your e-mail in this case is put in without causing much trouble and without attracting much notice.
(4)porn video
I think I've heard both.I think porn is a little more common,though.
(5)state emphatically
Liu mentions stating emphatically,he could use the verb say at this point,but state is good.The difference is probably that state means more say something for the record,make it clear and official.
(6)out of the question
He also mentions out of the question.That means it's something we will not discuss.It's something that absolutely cannot happen.
(7)newest twist
The newest twist is usually a new way to do something you've been doing anyway.
(8)get-rich-quick
The phrase get-rich-quick often brings a negative connotation to whatever it's describing because usually if you get rich quick,it's because of some kind of slightly illegal or shady action.
(9)tip off
If you tip someone off on something,it usually means you give them some inside information or some valuable information that maybe they didn't have before.
(10)be way ahead of
If you're way ahead of someone,you've advanced far beyond them.
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(1)the word's out
That was a long sentence.One of the interesting phrases in it,though,I think,is the word's out.It tends to mean a rumor,but it also means everybody's talking about it and sometimes it includes the meaning that the topic is no longer a secret or no longer unknown.
(2)a sign of the times
A sign of the times is something that is especially representative of the feeling or sprit of the times you're talking about.
(3)conglomerate
So in this vignette, talking about a conglomerate,big famous conglomerates which were sort of kings of the markets in,I guess,the '60s and the '70s.A conglomerate moving into the new economy is a real sign of the times.They had dominated the old economy.And even such an old strong kind of a business moving into the new economy shows how important the new economy,e-commerce and those kinds of things are becoming.Global corporation,for example.
(4)allocate
If you allocate dollars or something to something else,you're giving or assigning a proportion for a specific purpose.
(5)common sense
That is,of course,if young people make up your target group.
(6)make money
If you make money out of something,you use it as a source of income.
(7)be into
If you're into something,you're deeply interested in it or you take part in it often.
(8)consumers themselves
It sounds like the Japanese and the English are the same here.Consumers themselves,so focusing on the fact that the consumers in the ads and not the marketers.
(9)catch on
Something that catches on becomes popular or fashionable.
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(1)fade away
Something that fades away lessens and continues lessening until it disappears.
(2)be here to stay
It's here to stay is a short,almost innocent-sounding phrase.But it means something is becoming permanent.It's not going to disappear.There's another phrase that's kind of similar sounding but with the opposite meaning here today gone tomorrow.That means something that's very ephemeral.It disappears.
(3)acid test
An acid test is a tough decisive test.
(4)profile
A profile can be the side view of a person.But it also means a description or outline.
(5)and stuff like that
Liu also mentions and stuff like that.That's a very casual informal way to say et cetera or and so on.
(6)targeting ads with pinpoint accuracy
This targeting ads with pinpoint accuracy has become a very big topic the last few years.I think because of computers companies can collect more and more clear data about consumers and customers,and they can use the data more accurately so that advertisers and marketers can send information only to the people who will actually use it.It saves them a lot of money, and it helps to not annoy other people who aren't interested.
(7)fat fee
Fat fees means a lot of money.
(8)hot
Something that's hot is very current.It's happening now and everybody is interested in it.
(9)clout
Clout is often used in politics also for people who have a lot of influence on politicians or political decisions.
(10)socko
Something that's socko is a smash or a great hit.
(11)tug at
And something that tugs at your heartstrings has a strong emotional appeal.
(12)big guys
In English,people fairly often talk about companies as if they're people.In this case Lou mentions the big guys.He means the big companies,the big players.
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(1)dub the year 2000 as
If you dub something,you give it a kind of honorary name.Usually it's giving a name.
(2)the dot-com ad craze
And the dot-com ad craze has been big news in the U.S.,just I think the last year,maybe a year and a half.Many people have seen many advertisements on television and in other media about new companies that are on line.That's the dot-com part.
(3)stock brokerage
A stock brokerage would be a stock company,someone that helps you buy and trade stocks or maybe gives you advice so you can make your own decisions about what you want to buy and sell.
(4)hotshot
And a hotshot is someone who's smart and quick and probably showing off but for good reason.
(5)teach one's old boss new tricks
And then hotshots often try at least to teach their old bosses some new tricks.This phrase is probably based on an idiom,teach an old dog new tricks,you can't teach an old dog new tricks.It means older people already know everything,or sometimes it's used to mean they're old they can't learn new things.
(6)hilarious
Hilarious is an adjective that means something is very very very funny.There's quite a few different words people use often in English to talk about something that's humorous.For example,amusing,funny,comic.And hilarious is one of the strongest words.
(7)hit the mark
Lou uses the phrase this time hit the mark.It means be accurate,be exactly correct.Earlier Liu said hit the spot,which also means correct or accurate,but includes a strong feeling of satisfaction or scratching an itch.
(8)stand out in the crowd
This phrase is always used with a very good meaning.It's never negative.
(9)stick like a glue
There's a similar phrase,it sticks to your ribs.If you eat food that's very satisfying and filling,you can say it sticks to your ribs.
(10)build a brand image
Building a brand image seems to be a very important part of advertising these days.I used to think of advertising more as something to get you to buy things.And I'm sure that's still part of what advertisers want you to do,of course.But building a brand image seems to be an extremely important step along the way to get customers to buy a product and then continue buying it.
(11)boost
If you boost something,you support it or strengthen it or raise the efficacy.
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