助詞の使い方(一部) How to use a postpositional
particle
|
格助詞 |
|
意味・用法 |
Mean and Usage |
|
が |
主語 |
Subject |
|
|
の |
連体修飾語(所有・限定)、主語、体言代用 |
(possession, limitation/restriction), Subject, Substitution of noun, pronoun, numeral |
|
|
を |
連用修飾語(動作の対象、経由点、出発点、方向、経過する時間) |
(Object of movement/behavior, point via, point of starting, direction, passing/ elapsing/progressing time) |
|
|
に |
連用修飾語(場所,時間、帰着点、作用の結果、動作の目的・対象、受身の原因、使役の目標、作用・動作の原因・理由、対比の目標) |
(place, time, point of return/result, result of action, purpose or object of movement/behavior, cause/origin/ source of passive voice, target of a causative verb, Cause/origin/source or reason of action or movement/behavior, target of comparison) |
|
|
へ |
連用修飾語(動作の方向、帰着点) |
(Direction of movement/behavior, point of return/result) |
|
|
で |
連用修飾語(場所、時、手段、原因) |
(place, time, means/measure/step/ways and mean, cause) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
接続助詞 |
|
意味・用法 |
|
|
が (終止形) |
逆説の確定条件、単純接続、対比 |
Condition/requirement of determination of paradox, simply connection, comparison |
|
終助詞 |
|
意味・用法 |
|
|
な(動詞終止形) |
禁止 |
Prohibition, ban |
|
|
な (なぁ) |
感動・詠嘆 |
Inspiration/stir, admire; express [give voice to] one's admiration |
例文 Examples
|
車で行く |
Go
by car |
|
山に行く |
Go
to mountain |
|
会社で働く |
Work
at company |
|
海で泳ぐな |
Don't swim in the sea |
|
きれいな花 |
Beautiful flower |
|
きれいに飾る |
Decorate
beautifully |
|
家を出る |
Leave
home |
|
私の犬 |
My
dog |
|
彼は東へ行くが、私は西へ行く |
He
goes to east, but I go to west. |
|
私が白羽
香です。 |
I
am Kaori Shiraha. |
Source
旺文社 国語辞典 第八版