• Organisms are excreted in the inhaled air, saliva, feces, milk, urine, vaginal and uterine discharge and from the open peripheral lymph nodes from infected animals.
• Inhalation or ingestion of the bacteria from said sources of infection.

• Emaciation and unthriftiness of animals including man are the typical signs in the advanced stage of the disease.
• Weight reduction.
• Dry caughs.
• Mucopurulent discharge.
• Labored respiration.
• Death.

Recommendation :

• Yearly testing of herd animals with the purified derivative skin test.
• Maintain clean and spacius surroundings for confined animals.

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