| April 18, 1980 |
ローデシアが90年に渡る英国植民地から独立。
ジンバブエ誕生。
ロバート・ムガベ（Zanu）が総理大臣、ジョシュア・ンコモ（Zapu）が内務大臣に就任。
Rhodesia gains independence after 90 years as a British colony, taking the new name Zimbabwe. The 1972-1979 war of independence between nationalist blacks and the minority white regime led by Ian Smith leaves 27 000 dead. Robert Mugabe, head of Zimbabwe African National Union (Zanu), takes power as prime minister. Joshua Nkomo, head of the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (Zapu), Mugabe's partner in the armed struggle, becomes minister of the interior. |
| Feb 17, 1982 |
クーデターを企てたとしてンコモが解職。
ンコモの本拠地マタベレランドで20,000人大虐殺。
Nkomo, accused of plotting a coup, is dismissed. Armed resistance in his stronghold of Matabeleland, in the west, is met with bloody government repression. At least 20 000 die in the ensuring massacres. |
| Dec 30, 1987 |
憲法改正で大統領制へ。
ムガベが国家元首に。
Mugabe becomes head of state after reforming the constitution to usher in a presidential regime. |
| Dec 19, 1989 |
２大政党が合併してZanu-PFに。
The two rival movements merge under the name Zanu-Patriotic Front (Zanu-PF). |
| March 16-17, 1996 |
ムガベ再選。（与党が選挙結果に異を唱える）
Mugabe is re-elected with 92.7% of the vote but the results are contested
by the opposition. |
| Dec 9, 1997 |
国を挙げてのストライキ勃発。（退役軍人対象の新年金制度計画に反対して）
A national strike paralyses the country. Bowing to growing demonstrations,
the government gives up plans for new taxes to finance the pensions of
former fighters. |
| Aug 20, 1998 |
コンゴ民主共和国の内戦に介入。ジンバブエ軍隊は2002年に撤退。
The country intervenes in the Democratic Republic of Congo to support the
regime against a rebellion. The last Zimbabwean soldiers withdraw at the
end of 2002. |
| Sept 11, 1999 |
野党となるMDC結成。
The opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) is officially formed. |
| Feb 12-13, 2000 |
国民投票により新憲法否決。（ムガベの大統領権限の拡大と白人所有農場の没収を狙った新憲法）
In a public repudiation of Mugabe's designs on expanding his presidential powers and expropriating white-owned farms, Zimbabweans defeat his proposed new constitution by 54.6% in a referendum. |
| Feb 28, 2000 |
数百の白人所有農場が没収される。退役軍人による農場占拠。
Hundreds of white-owned farms are seized by squatters and pro-Mugabe war veterans in a violent campaign to reclaim what they said had been stolen from them by colonial settlers. |
| June 24-25, 2000 |
議会選挙にてZanu-PF辛勝。憲法改正権を失う。
In parliamentary elections the Zanu-PF barely keeps its hold on power against the MDC after a campaign closely linked to land disputes left dead some 30 people, mainly members of the MDC. Due to the elections, the Zanu-PF loses its power to change the constitution. |
| Oct 16-19, 2000 |
パン価格の急騰によりハラレ郊外で暴力デモ発生。
Violent demonstrations break out in Harare suburbs after bread prices are
raised by 30%. |
| March 9-11, 2002 |
大統領選挙にてムガベ再選。選挙では暴力と不正行為があったとされる。
西側諸国がムガベとその側近に制裁措置をかける。
Mugabe re-elected president in a poll marked by violence and denounced as rigged by most international observers. Sanctions are imposed on Mugabe and his entourage by western authorities. |
| Dec 7, 2003 |
ムガベがジンバブエの英連邦からの脱退を発表。
The Commonwealth extends Zimbabwe's suspension, imposed in 2002. Mugabe announces the country's withdrawal from the organization. |
| March 7, 2004 |
石油国赤道ギニアでクーデターを企てたとして70人の傭兵が逮捕される。
70 suspected mercenaries are arrested on charges of plotting a coup in
oil-rich Equatorial Guinea. |
| Oct 15, 2004 |
MDC党首モーガン・ツァンギライが最高裁判所から無罪判決を受ける。（ムガベ殺害の陰謀に対する告発）
MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai is cleared by the High Court of charges of
plotting to kill Mugabe. |
| Dec 11, 2004 |
MDCが与党支持者と国家当局による人権侵害疑惑のリスト（2004年中）を発表。
The MDC issues a catalogue of alleged human rights abuses it said were perpetrated against its members in 2004 by ruling party supporters and state agents. |
| Feb 19, 2005 |
情報省大臣ジョナサン・モヨが解職。議会選挙で無所属候補として登録したため。
Zimbabwe's Information Minister Jonathan Moyo is sacked after registering
as an independent candidate in parliamentary elections. |
| Feb 21 and March 2, 2005 |
EUと米国が制裁措置を延長。
The European Union and the United States extend sanctions. |