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| basic characters |
there are 3 types of characters which are hiragana, katakana and kanji
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| ♡ basic hiragana |
| a | i |
u | e | o |
| a | あ a |
い i | う u |
え e | お o |
| k | か ka |
き ki | く ku |
け ke | こ ko |
| s | さ sa |
し si / shi | す su |
せ se | そ so |
| t | た ta |
ち ti / chi | つ tu / tsu |
て te | と to |
| n | な na |
に ni | ぬ nu |
ね ne | の no |
| h | は ha |
ひ hi | ふ hu / fu |
へ he | ほ ho |
| m | ま ma |
み mi | む mu |
め me | も mo |
| y | や ya |
| ゆ yu |
| よ yo |
| r | ら ra |
り ri | る ru |
れ re | ろ ro |
| w | わ wa |
ゐ i / wi * | |
ゑ e / we * | を wo |
| nn | | |
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| ん nn |
| * these two letters ゐ and ゑ are rarely used today. |
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| ♡ basic katakana |
| a |
i | u |
e | o |
| a | ア a |
イ i | ウ u |
エ e | オ o |
| k | カ ka |
キ ki | ク ku |
ケ ke | コ ko |
| s | サ sa |
シ si / shi | ス su |
セ se | ソ so |
| t | タ ta |
チ ti / chi | ツ tu / tsu |
テ te | ト to |
| n | ナ na |
ニ ni | ヌ nu |
ネ ne | ノ no |
| h | ハ ha |
ヒ hi | フ hu / fu |
ヘ he | ホ ho |
| m | マ ma |
ミ mi | ム mu |
メ me | モ mo |
| y | ヤ ya |
| ユ yu |
| ヨ yo |
| r | ラ ra |
リ ri | ル ru |
レ re | ロ ro |
| w | ワ wa |
ヰ i / wi * | |
ヱ e / we * | ヲ wo |
| nn | | |
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| ン nn |
| * these two letters ヰ and ヱ are rarely used today. |
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| ♡ kanji |
| kanji is a set of characters that has been borrowed from china long time ago. it is called chinese character but the readings and the meanings had changed over time, and even original kanji had devolved independently in japan.
it is said there are more than 50,000 kanji in total. however, 2136 characters are designated as kanji for general use. in japan, about a thousand kanji is taught during the six years of elementary school education. |
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readings:
almost all of kanji has two types of readings.
it is classified into "on readings" and "kun readings"
"on reading" is based on pronunciations of chinese words. "kun reading" is based on native japanese pronunciation. in kanji pages, "on readings" are written in katakana, "kun readings" are in hiragana. |
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| ♡ romaji |
| romaji is a romanisation system of japanese language. there are some styles. in this website, the particle へ, は, and を are written by nihon-shiki. ん is written as "nn" for the readings when it is placed just before a vowel and a na-line sound. |
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